您好,欢迎来到广州家教网! 手机版

家教热线:15622776772-黄老师

初中英语 there be句型详解


There be句型的用法

一、构成:There be ...句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”,其结构为There be(is,are,was, were )+名词+地点状语。例如:

There are fifty-two students in our class.

There is a pencil in my pencil-case.

There was an old house by the river five years ago.

二、各种句式:

否定句:There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上“not”。也可用“no”来表示。即:no + n.(名词)= not a\an\any + n.(名词)。注意:no + n.(可数名词单数)= not a\an + n.(可数名词单数);no + n.(可数名词复数)= not any + n.(可数名词复数);no + n.(不可数名词)= not any + n.(不可数名词)。例如:

There is an orange in her bag.

→There isn’t an orange in her bag.

→There is no orange in her bag.

There are some oranges in her bag.

→There aren’t any oranges in her bag.

→There are no oranges in her bag.

There is some juice in the bottle.

→There isn’t any juice in the bottle.

→There is no juice in the bottle.

一般疑问句:There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。例如:
  There is some money in her handbag.
  → Is there any money in her handbag? (疑问句和否定句中,some改为any, something改为anything.)

There is something new in today’s newspaper.

→There isn’t anything new in today’s newspaper.

→Is there anything new in today’s newspaper?

特殊疑问句:  

There be句型的特殊疑问句有以下三种形式:

① 对主语提问:当主语是人时,用 “Who’s + 介词短语?”;当主语是物时,用 “What’s + 介词短语?”。其中there在口语中常常省略。注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对其提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如:
There is a bird in the tree. →What’s in the tree?
There are some bikes over there. →What’s over there?

There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room?

② 对地点状语提问:用 “Where is \ are + 主语?”表示(注意其答语变化):例如:
There is a computer in my office.

→ Where is the computer? ----It’s in my office.
There are four children in the classroom.

→Where are the four children?—They’ re in the classroom.
③ 对数量提问:一般有两种提问方式:

如果主语是可数名词,无论是单数还是复数,都用“How many +可数名词复数 + are there + 介词短语?”表示:

There are twelve months in a year.

→How many months are there in a year?

There is only one book in my bag.

→ How many books are there in your bag?

There is a cat in the box.

→ How many cats are there in the box?

如果主语是不可数名词,则用“ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语?”表示:

There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in

your purse?

反意疑问句:There be或There加其它动词,其反意疑问句一律用…there? 例如:

There is a beautiful girl in the garden, isn’t there?

There used to be no school here, used there \did there?

三、注意事项:

1. There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。

如果句子的主语是单数的可数名词,或是不可数名词,be动词用“is”“was”。例如:
  There is a basketball in the box. 

There is a little milk in the glass. 

如果句子的主语是复数名词,be动词就用“are” “were”。例如:
There are many birds in the tree. 

There were many people in the street yesterday. 

如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语,be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致,也就是我们常说的 “就近原则”。例如:
  There is an orange and some bananas in the basket.
  There are some bananas and an orange in the basket.
2. Therebe中间可插入一些表推测的情态动词、表时态的短语和一些动词短语 (如和将来时be going to\ will、现在完成时 have\has + pp. used to结构等连用,注意其构成形式,这一内容在我们日常练习中经常出现错误,是一难点,也是历年中考试题中的一个考点.)。例如:

There must be a pen in the box.

There happened to be some money in my pocket.

There is going to be a meeting tonight.

There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.

There used to be a church across from the bank.

3. There be句型和have\has的区别:

There be句型表示存在有”, have\has表示拥有” “所有”,两者不能同时使用.例如

桌子上有三本书. There are three books on the desk.

我有三本书. I have three books.

4. There be + 主语 + doing +介词短语. 例如:

There is a truck collecting rubish outside.

There is a wallet lying on the ground.

四 、练习:Choose the best answers.

1. There isn’t _____water in the glass. Let’s go and get some.

A. many B. lots C. any D. some
2. There ___a lot of news about Zhang Ziyi on TV last night.
A. was B. had C. is D. were
3. There ____ many changes in the village recently.

A. is B. are C. have been D. to be

4. ---There _______a lot of meat on the plate. Would you like some?

---Just a little, please.

A. is B. are C. am D. be

5. There _______ some books, a ballpen and a ruler on the desk.

A. is B. are C. have D. has

6. There _______ a ballpen, a ruler and some books on the desk.

A. is B. are C. have D. has

7. There is a boy _______at the door.

A. stand B. standing C. stood D. is standing

8. ---_______is in the house?

--- There is an old women in the house.

A. What B. Whose C. Who D.Which

9. There used to be a tower here, _____?
A. usedn’t it B. used there C. didn’t it D. didn’t there
10. There ____a meeting tonight.
A. is going be B. is going to have C. is going to D. is going to be
Key 1-5 CACAB 6-10 ABCDD

 

 

编辑者:广州家教网